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JLPTEI supports multilingual original texts and multilingual translations of the original texts.

Prerequisites

Conditional variable

Each translation must define a conditional variable to indicate to a processor whether the translation should be included. The condition must be a two-way switch, with valid values YES and NO. YES indicates that the translation is included, NO that it is not.

Statement of purpose

There are numerous styles of translation. It is strongly recommended (and required for translations in the core distribution) that a translation have its own statement of purpose. This statement should indicate whether the translation is intended to be idiomatic, creative, literal, etc.

Translation files

Translation files must meet all the requirements of other files. They must have a header, and they must have at least one text section. The base URI of translation files is http://jewishliturgy.org/base/text/translation/LANG/TRANSLATION_NAME/FILENAME . If necessary, translations may define their own conditionals in addition to those used in the original text.

LANG is the language code in which the translation is written. TRANSLATION_NAME is the name of the translation. FILENAME may be the same as the filename of the original text.

Forward linkage to translated text

Translations are generally stored in a different file from their original texts, and, in general, each file of original text may have any number of translations. In order for the translation to be processed, each translation must have a special support file which contains links between the translation files and the files they translate. The links should be be under the conditional control of the translation's associated conditional variable.

These forward linkages are made using links of the form:

<tei:link type="parallel-file" targets="original-file-uri translation-file-uri"/>

Back-linkage types

Two forms of linkages are available for parallel texts: segment by segment and higher levels.

Segment by Segment

Segment-by-segment translations have a 1:1 correspondence between segments in the text repository of the original file and segments in the translated file.

Back-linkages in this type of alignment are made using tei:link[@type='parallel'], in this form:

<tei:link type="parallel" targets="parallel-uri original-uri"/>

Higher levels

Translations may be aligned to arbitrary positions in a selection by using a parallel hierarchy. The parallel hierarchy contains:

• A selection incorporated by reference
• One j:view[@type='parallelGrp'] view, which contains:
  • One or more j:parallelGrp tags, each containing:
    • One j:original tag, which includes singular or ranged references into the selection.
    • One j:parallel tag, which includes the parallel text or references to the parallel text.

<!-- in the linking settings file -->
<link type="parallel-file" targets="original-file-uri parallel-file-uri"/>
 
<!-- in the translation file -->
<j:concurrent>
  <tei:ptr type="selection" target="ORIGINAL-SELECTION-URI"/>
  <j:view type="parallelGrp">
    <j:parallelGrp>
      <j:original xml:id="oA" xml:base="ORIGINAL-SELECTION-URI">
        <tei:ptr target="#range(originalSelection1, originalSelectionN)"/>
      </j:original>
      <j:parallel xml:id="pA">
        <!-- parallel text or pointers to parallel text repository here -->
      </j:parallel>
    </j:parallelGrp>
    <!-- additional parallel groups go here -->
  </j:view>
</j:concurrent>

Generality

The method used for encoding translations may be used for any parallel-aligned text.